There are more than 40 different types of hair loss known till date – some of them very common, others quite rare. It is not at all mandatory to know about each of these; however, knowing your type can help you to understand how well your hair loss can respond to treatment. Few of the common varieties of hair loss are discussed here:
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) – This type of hair loss can affect both men and women and is caused by the hormone DHT (Dihydrotestosterone) which is a male hormone. It accounts for almost 95% of the cases of hair loss. Androgenetic alopecia is genetically determined and can be classified as:
Male Pattern Baldness (MPB) - This is typically characterized by a receding hairline at the temples and balding at the top of the head.
Female Pattern Baldness (FPB) - Also known as Alopecia Diffusa, this is characterized by thinning of hair at the front, sides and crown of the scalp.
Involution alopecia – With advancing age, more and more hair follicles go into the resting phase. This leads to gradual thinning of hair and is called involution alopecia.
Telogen effluvium - Severe stress may lead to noticeable shedding of hair – a large number of hair strands prematurely enter into the resting (telogen) phase and are thereafter shed. This may sometimes occur even 3 to 6 months after the initial stressor. The stressor could be anything like a heart attack, severe illness, high fever, sudden weight change, major surgical procedure, childbirth, termination of pregnancy, etc.
Anagen effluvium – This is the pathologic loss of hair in the anagen (growth) phase, classically caused by radiation therapy to the head and systemic chemotherapy. It tends to be sudden in nature.
Drug induced – Some of the drugs that can lead to loss of hair are Allopurinol (used for the treatment of Gout); Heparin, Coumarin (blood thinners); Clofibrate, Gemfibrozil (Cholesterol lowering drugs) and most of the chemotherapy medications.
Alopecia Areata – Patchy loss of hair, especially from the scalp
Other types of Hair loss - Due to presence of Infections: Syphilitic Alopecia (caused by systemic syphilis), Tinea Capitis (a localized fungal infection of the scalp)
Generalised atrichia – Caused by the presence of a recessive hairless gene, this is an extremely rare form of hair loss.
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