Hair cycle control by estrogens: catagen induction via estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha is checked by ER beta signaling.
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, University of Hamburg, Martinistr. 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
Although 17beta-estradiol (E2) is recognized as a potent hair growth modulator, our knowledge of estrogen function, signaling, and target genes in hair biology is still very limited. Between the two recognized estrogen receptors (ERs), ER alpha and ER beta, only ER alpha had been detected in murine skin. Here we show that ER alpha, ER beta, and ER beta ins are all expressed throughout the murine hair cycle, both at the protein and RNA level, but show distinct expression patterns. We confirm that topical E2 arrests murine pelage hair follicles in telogen and demonstrate that E2 is a potent inducer of premature catagen development. The ER antagonist ICI 182.780 does not induce anagen prematurely but accelerates anagen development and wave spreading in female mice. ER beta knockout mice display accelerated catagen development along with an increase in the number of apoptotic hair follicle keratinocytes. This suggests that, contrary to previous concepts, ER beta does indeed play a significant role in murine hair growth control: whereas the catagen-promoting properties of E2 are mediated via ER alpha, ER beta mainly may function as a silencer of ER alpha action in hair biology.
These findings illustrate the complexity of hair growth modulation by estrogens and suggest that one key to more effective hair growth manipulation with ER ligands lies in the use of selective ER alpha or -beta antagonists/agonists. Our study also underscores that the hair cycling response to estrogens offers an ideal model for studying the controls and dynamics of wave propagation in biological systems.
» Hair cycle control by estrogens: catagen induction via estrogen receptor
» (ER)-alpha is checked by ER beta signaling.
»
»
» Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf,
» University of Hamburg, Martinistr. 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
»
» Although 17beta-estradiol (E2) is recognized as a potent hair growth
» modulator, our knowledge of estrogen function, signaling, and target genes
» in hair biology is still very limited. Between the two recognized estrogen
» receptors (ERs), ER alpha and ER beta, only ER alpha had been detected in
» murine skin. Here we show that ER alpha, ER beta, and ER beta ins are all
» expressed throughout the murine hair cycle, both at the protein and RNA
» level, but show distinct expression patterns. We confirm that topical E2
» arrests murine pelage hair follicles in telogen and demonstrate that E2 is
» a potent inducer of premature catagen development. The ER antagonist ICI
» 182.780 does not induce anagen prematurely but accelerates anagen
» development and wave spreading in female mice. ER beta knockout mice
» display accelerated catagen development along with an increase in the
» number of apoptotic hair follicle keratinocytes. This suggests that,
» contrary to previous concepts, ER beta does indeed play a significant role
» in murine hair growth control: whereas the catagen-promoting properties of
» E2 are mediated via ER alpha, ER beta mainly may function as a silencer of
» ER alpha action in hair biology.
»
» These findings illustrate the complexity of hair growth modulation by
» estrogens and suggest that one key to more effective hair growth
» manipulation with ER ligands lies in the use of selective ER alpha or
» -beta antagonists/agonists. Our study also underscores that the hair
» cycling response to estrogens offers an ideal model for studying the
» controls and dynamics of wave propagation in biological systems.
»
» PMID: 15591132 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE
There is a great German paper that summarises the current thinking on Estrogen and hair; I think that once and for all eveny Bryan will have to reverse his position on Estrogen (he always argued it was good for hair).
» There is a great German paper that summarises the current thinking on
» Estrogen and hair; I think that once and for all eveny Bryan will have to
» reverse his position on Estrogen (he always argued it was good for hair).
I’ve now read that full paper, and there is nothing in it which conflicts with my opinion that estrogen is good for human scalp hair.
» » There is a great German paper that summarises the current thinking on
» » Estrogen and hair; I think that once and for all eveny Bryan will have
» to
» » reverse his position on Estrogen (he always argued it was good for
» hair).
»
» I’ve now read that full paper, and there is nothing in it which conflicts
» with my opinion that estrogen is good for human scalp hair.
I believe that estrogen on its own is all right. the problem is that more of estrogen you have, more DHT will be produced to counteract it.
» I believe that estrogen on its own is all right. the problem is that more
» of estrogen you have, more DHT will be produced to counteract it.
Nope, that’s not how it works. Estrogen is a player in the feedback control of androgen production, so lowering it by using an aromatase inhibitor will INCREASE the production of testosterone and DHT, it won’t lower them.
» » There is a great German paper that summarises the current thinking on
» » Estrogen and hair; I think that once and for all eveny Bryan will have
» to
» » reverse his position on Estrogen (he always argued it was good for
» hair).
»
» I’ve now read that full paper, and there is nothing in it which conflicts
» with my opinion that estrogen is good for human scalp hair.
I was going to write and say the same about the research you pointed me at:D
I am more convinced than ever that Estrogen is very bad and that the reseach supports that position.
»
» I am more convinced than ever that Estrogen is very bad and that the
» research supports that position.
Transexual men undergoing hormone therapy including estrogen don’t loose hair. Estrogen only contraceptives don’t cause hairloss in women. It is well known that tansexual mice do tend to loose hair under estrogen therapy but this is abrogated if there is concomitant administration of psycho-supportive counseling.
» » I’ve now read that full paper, and there is nothing in it which
» conflicts with my opinion that estrogen is good for human scalp hair.
»
» I was going to write and say the same about the research you pointed me
» at:D
»
» I am more convinced than ever that Estrogen is very bad and that the
» reseach supports that position.
Then why haven’t you directly answered that array of evidence that I’ve presented against your position, which I began posting early Monday morning? You had claimed that you were going to look at it with an open mind. I’m now finding that difficult to believe…
» » » I’ve now read that full paper, and there is nothing in it which
» » conflicts with my opinion that estrogen is good for human scalp hair.
» »
» » I was going to write and say the same about the research you pointed me
» » at:D
» »
» » I am more convinced than ever that Estrogen is very bad and that the
» » reseach supports that position.
»
» Then why haven’t you directly answered that array of evidence that I’ve
» presented against your position, which I began posting early Monday
» morning? You had claimed that you were going to look at it with an open
» mind. I’m now finding that difficult to believe…
Nothing convincing.
I sent you a paper that states that Estrogen inhibits anagen and you ignore it?
Did I misread that paper? If you think so let me know and I will go back and post it verbatim.
» »
» » I am more convinced than ever that Estrogen is very bad and that the
» » research supports that position.
»
» Transexual men undergoing hormone therapy including estrogen don’t loose
» hair. Estrogen only contraceptives don’t cause hairloss in women. It is
» well known that tansexual mice do tend to loose hair under estrogen
» therapy but this is abrogated if there is concomitant administration of
» psycho-supportive counseling.
Transexual men - did they have their Nads chopped off?
Women are very different; don’t you know that it’s different for girls?
» I sent you a paper that states that Estrogen inhibits anagen and you
» ignore it?
»
» Did I misread that paper? If you think so let me know and I will go back
» and post it verbatim.
I haven’t received any paper. How did you send it? Did you email it to me? How did you get my email address?
» » I sent you a paper that states that Estrogen inhibits anagen and you
» » ignore it?
» »
» » Did I misread that paper? If you think so let me know and I will go
» back
» » and post it verbatim.
»
» I haven’t received any paper. How did you send it? Did you email it to
» me? How did you get my email address?
The paper I referenced on one of the threads clearly states that “Estrogen inhibits anagen”. You claimed you saw nothing in the paper that said Estrogen was bad for MPB.
» The paper I referenced on one of the threads clearly states that “Estrogen
» inhibits anagen”. You claimed you saw nothing in the paper that said
» Estrogen was bad for MPB.
For the umpteenth time: if you’re referring to the Ohnemus et al paper, all experiments showing an anagen-inhibiting effect of estrogen were done on ANIMALS (body hair) or non-balding human (occipital) hair. As far as I know, all experiments with frontal human scalp hair (hair susceptible to balding) shows a STIMULATING effect of estrogen.
» I sent you a paper that states that Estrogen inhibits anagen and you
» ignore it?
»
» Did I misread that paper? If you think so let me know and I will go back
» and post it verbatim.
If you’re referring to the Ohnemus et al paper (“The Hair Follicle as an Estrogen Target and Source” ), then yes, you STILL don’t understand it. I’ve taken pains over the last few days to explain to you that as far as I’m aware, all experiments that it referred to which showed an anagen-inhibiting effect of estrogen were done on either ANIMALS (the vast majority of them), or a few with NON-BALDING (occipital) human hair. Essentially, it’s the difference between SCALP HAIR and BODY HAIR which is the critical factor.
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